Role of definition of clonogenic activity of stromal bone marrow stem cells in patients with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head

Abstract

A problem of choice of medical tactic for patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is extremely topical. It is very important to focus ones main efforts on either organ salvage surgical interventions or on improvement of a technique for total hip replacement. Largely as a solution to this problem designation of regenerative potential of bone tissue by culturing fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU-F) can help. Objective: To obtain data for the development of a differentiated approach to the treatment strategy by examining the clonogenic activity of stem bone marrow stromal cells in patients with ANFH. Methods: As a material for this study were samples of cancellous bone of the femoral head in 26 patients with ANFH at different stages of the disease. There were grown 36 cultures of stromal fibroblasts. We have estimated such parameters as total number of nucleated cells, the number of stem stromal cells - colony-forming units of fibroblast in the bone marrow of 1 cm3 and the effectiveness of their cloning among 105 nucleated cells. Results: It was found that as the disease progresses the ability to stem bone marrow stromal cells to ensure the reduction reactions in bone tissue loose quite rapidly. According to the results of the research the most significant negative effect on the proliferation and differentiation of stem bone marrow stromal cells of the proximal femur in patients with ANFH are such factors as alcohol abuse and exposure to toxic compounds. Conclusions: ANFH is one of the most critical diseases of the hip joint pathology in terms of oppression of the potential ability of bone remodeling and restoration. The regenerative potential of bone in patients with ANFH is significantly higher in the early stages of the disease.