A comparative study of effects of autologous versus allogeneic platelet-rich plasma on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells in rabbits

Abstract

Objective To investigate whether autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can be replaced by allogeneic PRP to promote the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) in rabbits and to find an optimal concentration at which allogeneic PRP can best promote the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs.Methods Three New Zealand rabbits were used for conventional culture of BMSCs and preparation of PRP.Experiments were conducted in 4 groups with 4 kinds of culture medium:blank group (DMEM only),conventional group [DMEM containing 10％ fetal bovine serum (FBS)],autologous group (DMEM containing 10％ FBS plus autologous PRP extract) and allogeneic group (DMEM containing 10％ FBS plus allogeneic PRP extract).The allogeneic group was further divided into five subgroups according to the concentrations of PRP extract in the medium:10％,20％,30％,40％ and 50％ respectively.After the best concentration was determined in the allogeneic group,it was used in the autologous group to compare the effects of the 2 kinds of PRP.On day 4,8,12,16 and 20 after intervention,optical density (OD) value in MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were tested in all groups and the cell apoptosis rate at the best concentration of PRP extract was also assessed in each group.Results The effect of PRP on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs was negatively related to the concentration of PRP.The optimal concentration of PRP for promotion of the proliferation of BMSCs was 30％.There was no significant difference between the autologous and allogeneic PRP (30％) regarding their effects on proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs on day 4,8,12,16 or 20 (P ＞ 0.05).On day 20,the cell apoptosis rates in blank group,conventional group,autologous group (30％) and allogeneic group (30％)were respectively 38.7％ ± 2.0％,24.1％ ± 1.7％,9.7％ ±0.8％ and 10.3 ± l.2％,with no significant difference between autologous and allogeneic groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Autologous PRP could be replaced by allogeneic PRP in vitro culture of BMSCs; the optimal concentration of PRP for promotion of the proliferation of BMSCs is about 30％. Key words: Platelet-rich plasma; Cell proliferation; Cell differentiation; Alkaline phosphatase