Abstract
The beam former and null former appear as components of the optimum array detector for the very special case of a known plane-wave signal from a known direction in a Gaussian noise field whose statistical properties are known. An optimum detection processor exploits any knowledge of the true statistical characteristics of the signal and noise fields. This paper reviews recent research results in optimum detection theory for array processors which incorporate more realistic assumption about the signal and noise fields. Specific cases are identified in which the optimum spatial processor is not a beamformer. If the optimum spatial processor is not a beamformer, then adaptive processors whose structure is constrained a priori to a beam former or a linear spatial filter are necessarily suboptimum. [Research supported by Office of Naval Research, Code 222.]
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