Abstract

Rocks and places of rock procurement can be sig- nificant beyond pragmatic reasons. In the Early Ne- olithic in southern Norway, specific rock types and quarries appear to have been deeply entangled in socio-political strategies that either bound people together or set people apart. Charted variations in the character of lithic procurement and distribu- tion indicate two parallel but diverging processes of “Neolithization” in the western and eastern region respectively. In the west, rhyolite from a quarry atop Mt. Siggjo was especially significant, demonstrated by the intense quarrying and wide distribution of rhyolite along the west coast. Indeed, in the west, certain quarries appear to have been regarded as nodal points, anchoring people’s sense of identity and belonging. In the east, imported flint gained a similar role because of its association with farm- ing and Funnel Beaker–related societies in south- ern Scandinavia. That is, rock was significant not only due to its physical qualities, but by its associa- tion with a specific place, social or cultural group.

Highlights

  • It has been argued that in the Early Neolithic, from about 4000 BC, quarrying became tightly organized, regulated, and restricted (Bergsvik 2002:14; 2006:165f)

  • Interpreted in light of the Early Neolithic being the period of incipient contact between the hunter-gatherers of southern Norway and farming societies in southern Sweden, Scania, and Denmark, lithic procurement is here perceived as imbued with symbolic qualities linked to origin, territorial rights, and ancestry

  • Having undertaken a detailed study of each of the quarries and lithics from related sites, I have found that Early Neolithic procurement practices do vary significantly internally

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

It has been argued that in the Early Neolithic, from about 4000 BC, quarrying became tightly organized, regulated, and restricted (Bergsvik 2002:14; 2006:165f). Interpreted in light of the Early Neolithic being the period of incipient contact between the hunter-gatherers of southern Norway and farming societies in southern Sweden, Scania, and Denmark, lithic procurement is here perceived as imbued with symbolic qualities linked to origin, territorial rights, and ancestry Such sentiments would pull people back to a place or a region, anchoring group identity as a result. Having undertaken a detailed study of each of the quarries and lithics from related sites, I have found that Early Neolithic procurement practices do vary significantly internally This is detectable in three main areas: (1) the intensity and character of direct lithic procurement at different sites; (2) the range and character of distribution of the quarried rock; (3) the deliberate targeting and repeated use of specific quarry sites

The intensity and character of direct lithic procurement at different sites
Deliberate targeting and repeated exploitation – engagement with nodal points
Findings
CONCLUDING REMARKS

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