Rock excavation methods in urban areas

Abstract

The increased volume of construction works, which includes the construction of new residential and business buildings, hotels, garages, shopping centers, and similar, is increasingly common in urban areas. Such works are increasingly coming into contact with different types of problems during construction, as one of these problems we single out the appearance of solid rock mass during excavation at the construction sites of future buildings foreseen in the construction project. During the construction of facilities or part of the building, which includes the underground premises of a building, it is necessary to excavate the material on site, however, due to its physical and mechanical characteristics, it is not always possible to excavate this material with conventional machinery. The composition of the material that is removed is sometimes in the form of solid rock, and thus its excavation is more complicated, so other methods must be used: controlled blasting, application of expansive mortars, etc. This paper presents some of the possibilities of removing solid rock material for the purpose of smooth construction of buildings.