Abstract
This article investigates the advantages and disadvantages of cell search for LTE and NR. This investigation enables us to design a couple of synchronization signals specified in frequency domain for a whole of cell search. For time/frequency synchronization and partial cell identification, to achieve both low complexity and robustness against very high carrier frequency offset (CFO) and time-varying fading, we propose a primary synchronization signal generated by the centrally symmetric concatenation of a Zadoff-Chu sequence and its modified sequence. Also, for final cell identification, to minimize intercell interference, we propose a secondary synchronization signal constructed by element-wise exclusive-OR operation of two different cyclic-shifted m-sequences. By complexity, intercell interference analysis, and accuracy-optimized searching description, as well as cell-search evaluation, we elucidate that the proposed scheme provides many advantages, such as lower complexity, immunity toward CFO and mobility, and shorter mean cell search time directly related with latency and battery life.
Highlights
S INCE it was first specified by the Digital Audio Broadcasting standard in 1980s, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), a multicarrier transmission technology, has been adopted by mobile communication standards that secure global markets such as 4G long-term evolution (LTE) [1]–[3] and 5G new radio (NR) [4]
This article proposed a couple of synchronization signals for cell search
Our comparative evaluation elucidates that as in NR, the second proposed signal shares commonly multiple advantages of zeroing collision probability and minimizing high cross correlation among physical cell identity (PCI) signals which results in very higher accuracy of PCI detection over LTE
Summary
S INCE it was first specified by the Digital Audio Broadcasting standard in 1980s, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), a multicarrier transmission technology, has been adopted by mobile communication standards that secure global markets such as 4G long-term evolution (LTE) [1]–[3] and 5G new radio (NR) [4]. 1) We propose a new FD signal of PSS, the centrally symmetric concatenation (CSC) of a Zadoff–Chu (ZC) sequence and its modified sequence, for TFS and partial PCI acquisition (as in LTE and NR) named Step-1 cell search The purpose of this PSS is to be robust against CFO and mobility in parallel with lowering computational complexity on Step-1 searcher. 2) A new FD signal of SSS, an element-wise exclusive-OR operation of two different cyclic-shifted m-sequences carrying PCI without requiring any scrambling sequence is proposed for final PCI acquisition (as in NR) named Step-2 cell search The purpose of this SSS is to resolve the collision problem mentioned in [19] and [24] and minimize intercell interference in parallel with reduction in hardware complexity on Step-2 searcher.
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