Abstract
Here, we propose a novel scheme based on advanced techniques of digital modulation in optical communications to achieve a single-channel transmission rate above 100 Gb/s. We utilize a hybrid scheme amplitude/phase/frequency/dual polarization, combined with multidimensional dual lattice and a low-density parity-check-coded modulation. The Stokes parameters are applied to the proposed scheme to map the four-dimensional classical polarization I X , Q X , I Y , Q Y in a three-dimensional space. In addition, in the proposed system, the packing theory is applied to the bit interleaver process. Three wavelengths are packaged before being transmitted over a wavelength-division multiplexing optical channel. This modulation process is carried out using symmetrical geometric shapes, such as a hypercube or a polyhedron, based on the molecular links theory using a grouping of 12 and 13/15 bits for the cubic and spherical lattices, respectively. The proposed technique is evaluated in the context of long-distance communications over distances up to 100km. The bit error rate (BER) results showed that the optical signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 4dB over a distance of 50km. In addition, the power spectral efficiency was found to be 3 lambdas, which is considered good performance considering the effects of distance and the non-linear effects influencing the number of lambdas. Also, we use an optical time-division multiplexing scheme (OTDM) in order to achieve a transmission rate beyond 1Tbit/s, where the speed effect is evaluated, taking into consideration that the power spectral efficiency is degraded.
Highlights
IN RECENT years, network operators have been considering and installing network infrastructures even more robust than those before them
Once the ultrashort pulses are input to polarization beam splitter (PBS), it is branched for the X and Y polarization to obtain the instantaneous amplitudes of the two orthogonal vectors both modulated by In-phase Quadrature Mach-Zehnder Modulator (IQ-Mach-Zehnder Modulators (MZM)) [17], which is shown in Modulator Xλq and Modulator Yλq blocks in the Fig. 4(c)
In this study, we demonstrated that the novel hybrid subcarrier/amplitude/phase/dual polarization (H-SAPDP) low-density parity-check (LDPC)-coded-modulation system can improve the bit error rate (BER)
Summary
IN RECENT years, network operators have been considering and installing network infrastructures even more robust than those before them. EON is based on OFDM, they provide an alternative to single carrier modulation technique as the data stream divided and multiplexed onto multiple consecutive low rate subcarriers and increases the symbol duration and provides a higher data rate [3] This approach leads us to think that our proposal is the key to the generation of optical networks in order to obtain a flexible allocation of spectral resources improving in this way the spectral efficiency. The use of multidimensional techniques mitigates these challenges because, if the amount of information increases, it can be packaged by an interleaving bit distribution process to generate an N-dimensional lattice This approach reduces the bit error rate, the inter-symbol interference, and the power transmission and increases the SE as if two different modulations were being used at the same time: high-index modulation to improve the SE and low-index modulation to enhance the BER performance.
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