Abstract
In this paper, we propose a robust detection method to determine the presence of individuals in an indoor environment by exploiting an impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar. Detection of the presence of individuals in an indoor environment using IR-UWB is not a trivial problem because real indoor environments provide heavy clutter components and spurious ones due to multipath effects. The study mainly discusses two difficulties involved in detecting an individual in an indoor environment, namely, how to reduce the clutter in an indoor environment and how to detect a very low radar cross section (RCS) target, i.e., an individual lying down. To reduce clutter components in indoor environments, we investigated several clutter reduction techniques in terms of detecting a standing individual and an individual lying down. However, even after clutter reduction, detection of an individual lying down continues to pose a challenge. Thus, we devised a novel two-stage detection scheme that first involves detection in the range domain, and then in the frequency domain, thereby resulting in good detection performance in terms of a high detection rate and a low false alarm rate. The proposed method was demonstrated by experiments in indoor environments, and the results indicate that its performance is robust in various scenarios.
Highlights
Impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar is widely used to detect or track humans due to its ability to penetrate obstacles and to resolve small range variation [1]
According to many additional experiments, we found that the above comparisons about reference method (RM), running average filter (RAF), and singular value decomposition (SVD) based on the results in Table 1, were valid even for various scenarios, such as the same individual at different ranges (3 m, 5 m, and 7 m), different indoor environments, and different individuals
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS we assess the performance of the proposed detection scheme for the presence of individuals under indoor and daily life situations
Summary
Impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar is widely used to detect or track humans due to its ability to penetrate obstacles and to resolve small range variation [1]. The sensor is characterized by sequentially transmitting several very short pulses [2] and provides extremely high-resolution in range direction. This attribute makes it possible to resolve the displacement of a few centimeters, even generated by very small movements of humans [3].
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