Robust-Adaptive Controllers Designed for Grid-Forming Converters Ensuring Various Low-Inertia Microgrid Conditions

Abstract

As the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and distributed generations (DGs) increases, the need for stable and reliable operation of microgrids (MGs) becomes crucial. However, the inherent low inertia of such systems poses intricate control challenges that necessitate innovative solutions. To tackle these issues, this paper presents the development of robust-adaptive controllers tailored specifically for grid-forming (GFM) converters. The proposed adaptive-robust controllers are designed to accommodate the diverse range of scenarios encountered in low-inertia MGs. The proposed approach applies both the robust control techniques and adaptive control strategies, thereby offering an effective means to ensure stable and seamless converter performance under varying operating conditions. The efficacy of the introduced adaptive-robust controllers for GFM converters is validated within a low-inertia MG, which is characterized by substantial penetration of converter-interfaced resources. The validation also encompasses diverse MG operational scenarios and conditions.