Abstract
An ever broader use of digital technologies which will lead to profound changes in the functioning of both individual entities as well as entire industries. These changes are referred to as digital transformation. Automation of business processes is a significant aspect of digital transformation. More and more entities (especially in such sectors as: banking, insurance, BPO/SSC, telecommunications) are implementing IT tools that are classified as part of the currently emerging RPA (Robotic Process Automation) category, where the term robot has a metaphorical meaning here – it is a particular type of software, and not a device. It should be emphasized that large scale robotic process automation cannot be viewed as an IT project. It is a business change project with a technical component, very frequently carried out outside the IT department by the company's business units. In the long term - along with the popularization of cognitive robotic process automation - it will lead to the growth of digital innovations at enterprises. The article attempts to answer four research questions: RQ1) what are the premises for the implementation of robotic process automation by enterprises, RQ2) how the implementation of robotic process automation is carried out from the organizational point of view, RQ3) in which areas of enterprise business operations is robotic process automation applied and RQ4) what factors determine the success of robotic process automation. The literature research method is used in the article and the results of surveys carried out among 238 Polish enterprises are presented. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the enterprises surveyed are only at the beginning of the mass scale robotic process automation, but due to the increasingly competitive environment, there will be no turning back.
Highlights
Automation means the use of technology to perform work faster and more efficiently, which will lead to profound changes in the labor market
The author will be looking for answers to the following research questions: RQ1) what are the premises for the implementation of robotic proces automation by enterprises, RQ2) how is the implementation of robotic process automation carried out from the organizational point of view, RQ3) in which areas of enterprise business operations is robotic process automation applied, RQ4) what factors determine the success of robotic process automation
As indicated by the research conducted, robotic process automation is a new subject for the majority of enterprises
Summary
In spite of the rapid changes in technology over the recent decades, Zuboff's main observations with respect to computerization, and automation in particular, and its impact on work, are still largely relevant. In her opinion, automation means the use of technology to perform work faster and more efficiently, which will lead to profound changes in the labor market. One should be aware of the fact that business process automation technologies, as a result of combining them with artificial intelligence, have more and more "power" This may result in profound changes in the employment structure in the future. Automation will push employees out of certain jobs, and. at the same time, there will be a growing demand for workers with new competencies (Varghese, Kumar, 2017)
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