Abstract
The naval officer, Robert Montagne, after having participated in the first World War, served in Morocco in the local administration. Recognised by Lyautey, he was in charge of studying the rural berber societies. He stayed, during the 1930s, in the Middle East as the director of the Damas French Institute and took interest both in the Arab nationalism and desert civilisation. Resulting from thèse experiences, he founded in 1936 the Muslim Administration High Studies Centre in Paris, where he elaborated new teaching methods. Elected in 1948 as professor at the Collège de France, he devoted his last years to North Africa, realizing notably two collective surveys on urbanization and population movements. This article evokes his well occupied life and tries to clarify how the work of this witness of the French colonial empire's last years can be put into today's perspective.
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