Abstract
Abstract Considering the relative quietness of electric motors, tyre/road interaction has become the prominent source of noise emission from Electric Vehicles (EVs). This study deals with the potential influence of the road surface on EV noise emission, especially in urban area. A pass-by noise measurement campaign has been carried out on a reference test track, involving six different road surfaces and five electric passenger car models in different vehicle segments. The immunity of sound recordings to background noise was considered with care. The overall and spectral pass-by noise levels have been analysed as a function of the vehicle speed for each couple of road surface and EV model. It was found that the type of EV has few influence on the noise classification of the road surfaces at 50 km/h. However, the noise level difference between the quietest and the loudest road surface depends on the EV model, with an average close to 6 dBA, showing the potential effect of the road surface on noise reduction in the context of growing EV fleet in urban area. The perspective based on an average passenger EV in a future French or European electric fleet is addressed.
Highlights
According to the European Alternative Fuels Observatory (EAFO) [1], electric vehicle (EV) market is growing fast inA main advantage of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is that there is no exhaust emission while driving in pure electric mode, locally improving air-quality
For the sake of analysis, the overall noise levels at 50 km/h are plotted in two different ways in Figures 9 and 10
The noise levels are corrected in temperature according to [23]
Summary
According to the European Alternative Fuels Observatory (EAFO) [1], electric vehicle (EV) market is growing fast inA main advantage of EVs is that there is no exhaust emission while driving in pure electric mode, locally improving air-quality. EVs contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission in the struggle against global warming [3] Another key asset of EVs is the relative quietness of electric motors. According to EEA [6], in 2019 at least 20% of the European population was still exposed to noise levels that are considered harmful to human health. This burden is mainly due to road traffic noise, with more than 100 million EU citizens affected by high noise levels exceeding WHO recommendation [7]. According to [10], based on projection scenarios by 2030, a reduction of Lden noise levels of 4 to 7 dBA could be reached in urban area, by a combination of low noise EV tyres and quiet road surfaces
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