Abstract
Postemergence applications of nicosulfuron can cause great damage to certain maize inbred lines and hybrids. Variation among different responses to nicosulfuron may be attributed to differential rates of herbicide metabolism. We employed RNA-Seq analysis to compare transcriptome responses between nicosulfuron-treated and untreated in both tolerant and susceptible maize plants. A total of 71.8 million paired end Illumina RNA-Seq reads were generated, representing the transcription of around 40,441 unique reads. About 345,171 gene ontology (GO) term assignments were conducted for the annotation in terms of biological process, cellular component and molecular function categories, and 6413 sequences with 108 enzyme commission numbers were assigned to 134 predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways. Digital gene expression profile (DGE) analysis using Solexa sequencing was performed within the susceptible and tolerant maize between the nicosulfuron-treated and untreated conditions, 13 genes were selected as the candidates most likely involved in herbicide metabolism, and quantitative RT-PCR validated the RNA-Seq results for eight genes. This transcriptome data may provide opportunities for the study of sulfonylurea herbicides susceptibility emergence of Zea mays.
Highlights
Maize (Zea mays L.), along with wheat and rice, are the three most widely grown food crops in the world [1]
Very few cytochromes P450, glycosyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase and transporter genes involved in herbicide non-target-site tolerance have been identified in maize, and few genome-wide approaches to this phenomenon have been reported
We found five sequences (GRMZM2G077215, GRMZM2G007647, GRMZM2G143008, GRMZM2G143357, GRMZM2G407044) assigned to acetolactate synthase (AHAS, enzyme commission (EC) 2.2.1.6), which is the target for nicosulfuron
Summary
Maize (Zea mays L.), along with wheat and rice, are the three most widely grown food crops in the world [1]. Very few cytochromes P450, glycosyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase and transporter genes involved in herbicide non-target-site tolerance have been identified in maize, and few genome-wide approaches to this phenomenon have been reported. RNA-Seq is the direct sequencing of transcripts by high-throughput sequencing technologies, and it has considerable advantages for providing genome-wide information, detection of novel transcripts, allele-specific expression [32] It makes the obtainment of herbicide resistant/tolerant genes more fast and efficient. Our objective here was to identify differentially expressed genes involved in nicosulfuron metabolism in maize, using RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis and validation experiments. These genes could serve as potential candidates to decipher sulfonylurea herbicides susceptibility formation mechanisms in maize, and provide developing strategies to improve sulfonylurea herbicides tolerance in crops
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