RNA-seq and miRNA-seq profiling analyses reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age, mainly characterized by menstrual disorders, infertility, and other symptoms. Due to its complex and multifactorial nature, the pathogenesis of PCOS remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNA) play vital roles in regulating gene expression. In this study, twelve ovarian granulosa cell samples from six PCOS patients and six non-PCOS women were collected as research objects. We aimed to identify key genes and miRNAs involved in the progression of PCOS using RNA-seq and small RNA-seq techniques, and to construct the corresponding miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. A total of 1552 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 52 differentially expressed (DE)-miRNAs were detected. Functional enrichment analyses suggested that the occurrence and development of PCOS might be closely related to processes such as glucose metabolism, hormone synthesis and cell function. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network indicated that hsa-miR-330-5p and hsa-miR-663b may be candidate miRNAs that affect the development of PCOS. This study provides new clues for the pathogenesis of PCOS and a theoretical basis for new therapeutic targets.