Abstract

RNA editing is a process in which the nucleotide sequence of a transcript is changed compared to its DNA template. RNA editing includes the insertion, deletion, or conversion of nucleotides. Many different kinds of RNA editing are known and apparently evolved separately from each other. Examples are: mitochondrial RNA editing in trypanosomes and plants, A-to-I editing, and apolipoprotein B RNA editing in certain mammalian cells. In higher plant mitochondria, RNA editing is mostly a conversion of cytidine residues to uracil, and there are several hundred editing sites. In this chapter we give an overview of plant mitochondrial RNA editing, its consequences for translation, the current knowledge of its mechanism, and some ideas on its evolution.

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