Abstract
Women have the potential to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE) during their lifetimes. The risk of VTE in women of childbearing age is modulated by the presence of individual risk factors (such as personal history of VTE, increasing age, smoking, inherited thrombophilia, immobility), exposure to hormonal risk factors (such as pregnancy and oral contraceptives), and family history. In pregnant women, multifetal pregnancy, preeclampsia or eclampsia, caesarean section and use of artificial reproductive assistance can increase the risk of VTE. In women taking combined oral contraceptives (COC), a higher dose of estrogen, and the type of progesterone can increase the risk of VTE. VTE has a higher likelihood of occurring when the combination of risk factors crosses the threshold for thrombosis. Data from Grandone and colleagues enhance our understanding of the relative importance of family history as a risk predictor and suggest that family history is an even more powerful predictor for pregnancy- or COC-associated VTE than for VTE occurring outside of pregnancy or COC.
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