Risk factors for neonatal group B streptococcus vertical transmission: a prospective cohort study of 1815 mother-baby pairs.

Abstract

The potential factors associated with group B streptococcus (GBS) vertical transmission have not been studied in detail. A prospective cohort study was conducted to recruit 1815 mother-neonate pairs for GBS analysis. Pearson's chi-squared tests and generalized linear models were used to explore the risk factors for neonatal GBS colonization. The rate of GBS vertical transmission was 14.1%. GBS colonization in all neonates was significantly associated with maternal GBS colonization, mode of delivery, episiotomy, number of prenatal vaginal exams, parity, and hypertension. For neonates born to GBS-positive mothers, GBS vertical transmission was associated with the mode of delivery, episiotomy, and sexually transmitted diseases. For neonates born to GBS-negative mothers, neonatal GBS colonization was associated with the number of prenatal vaginal exams, parity, and hypertension. These findings suggest the need for prenatal GBS screening for pregnant women and intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis for GBS-colonized women.