Abstract
BackgroundThe epidemiology of maternal and infant Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization is poorly understood in China. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence and risk factors associated with maternal and infant GBS colonization in Western China.MethodsFrom January 2017 to June 2017, a prospective study was conducted to estimate the maternal and infant GBS colonization rate by maternal rectovaginal and infant nasopharynx, ear canal and umbilical swab culture. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the risk factors associated with GBS colonization of mothers and infants.ResultsThe GBS colonization rate in mothers and infants was 6.1 and 0.7%, respectively. The vertical transmission rate was 7.6%. The early onset GBS infection rate was 0.58 per 1000 live births and mortality was 0.29 per 1000 live births. Age younger than 40 years (p = 0.040) and minority ethnic status (p = 0.049) were associated with higher GBS colonization rate in pregnant women. Positive GBS status in the mother prior to delivery (p < 0.001) as well as longer duration of membrane rupture (≥12 h) (p < 0.001) and longer labor (≥4 h) (p < 0.001) were all significant risk factors for GBS colonization in infants. Compared to infants without GBS colonization, infants colonized with GBS were more likely to have had a temperature of ≥38 °C (p < 0.001), developed early onset infection (EOD) (p < 0.001), and been prescribed antibiotics (p < 0.001). Furthermore, infants with GBS were more likely to have been admitted to neonatal intensive unit (NICU) (p < 0.001) with a longer hospital length of stay (LOS) (p < 0.001).ConclusionsMaternal GBS colonization, longer duration of membrane rupture and labor were all major risk factors associated with GBS colonization in Chinese infants. Infant GBS colonization was associated with increased risk of EOD and NICU admission as well as longer LOS.
Highlights
The epidemiology of maternal and infant Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization is poorly understood in China
Since there is no screening for GBS or intrapartum administration of antibiotics (IAP) protocol was in place in China for prevention of GBS disease at the time of this study, the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for maternal and infant GBS colonization at Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital (LMCHH), one of the largest maternal and child health care hospitals in Guangxi in western China, in order to inform future prevention efforts and interventions
Our study demonstrates that the GBS colonization rate in pregnant Chinese women in Liuzhou was 6.1%, which is similar to the reported rate of 7.1% in Beijing [9] and 8.2% in Dongguan [10]
Summary
The epidemiology of maternal and infant Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization is poorly understood in China. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence and risk factors associated with maternal and infant GBS colonization in Western China. The Vaginal and rectal tract are considered major reservoirs of GBS [2]. Mucosa surfaces such as oral, nasopharyngeal, vaginal and anal mucosa. Since there is no screening for GBS or intrapartum administration of antibiotics (IAP) protocol was in place in China for prevention of GBS disease at the time of this study, the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for maternal and infant GBS colonization at Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital (LMCHH), one of the largest maternal and child health care hospitals in Guangxi in western China, in order to inform future prevention efforts and interventions
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