Abstract
To evaluate risk factors for human infection with influenza A subtype H5N1, we performed a matched case-control study in Vietnam. We enrolled 28 case-patients who had laboratory-confirmed H5N1 infection during 2004 and 106 age-, sex-, and location-matched control-respondents. Data were analyzed by matched-pair analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression. Factors that were independently associated with H5N1 infection were preparing sick or dead poultry for consumption < or =7 days before illness onset (matched odds ratio [OR] 8.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-81.99, p = 0.05), having sick or dead poultry in the household < or =7 days before illness onset (matched OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.21-20.20, p = 0.03), and lack of an indoor water source (matched OR 6.46, 95% CI 1.20-34.81, p = 0.03). Factors not significantly associated with infection were raising healthy poultry, preparing healthy poultry for consumption, and exposure to persons with an acute respiratory illness.
Highlights
To evaluate risk factors for human infection with influenza A subtype H5N1, we performed a matched casecontrol study in Vietnam
Laboratory Methods Influenza A H5 subtype–specific RNA was detected in clinical samples by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with primers that targeted regions of the hemagglutinin gene of the influenza H5N1 virus developed by World Health Organization (WHO), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Government Virus Unit in Hong Kong
A total of 106 control-respondents were enrolled, 4 per case-patient, except for 3 case-patients aged
Summary
To evaluate risk factors for human infection with influenza A subtype H5N1, we performed a matched casecontrol study in Vietnam. To clarify the source and mode(s) of transmission of influenza H5N1 to humans and to guide the control and prevention of influenza, we conducted a case-control study of all cases of avian influenza H5N1 identified in humans in Vietnam in 2004. Despite many millions of avian infections and >200 human cases, knowledge of influenza H5N1 remains inadequate. Neither how these viruses are transmitted to humans nor, the most effective way to reduce the risk for infection is fully understood
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call