Abstract
Elizabethkingia infections are difficult to treat because of intrinsic antimicrobial resistance, and their incidence has recently increased. We conducted a propensity score–matched case–control study during January 2016–June 2017 in South Korea and retrospectively studied data from patients who were culture positive for Elizabethkingia species during January 2009–June 2017. Furthermore, we conducted epidemiologic studies of the hospital environment and mosquitoes. The incidence of Elizabethkingia increased significantly, by 432.1%, for 2016–2017 over incidence for 2009–2015. Mechanical ventilation was associated with the acquisition of Elizabethkingia species. Because Elizabethkingia infection has a high case-fatality rate and is difficult to eliminate, intensive prevention of contamination is needed.
Highlights
The genus Elizabethkingia comprises glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative rods that are widely distributed in natural environments, including in soil and freshwater, and in hospital environments [1]
Knowledge about host risk factors associated with the acquisition of Elizabethkingia species is lacking, and no evidence exists that mosquitoes or other sources act as vectors in transmitting it to humans
We aimed to determine whether the incidence of Elizabethkingia species had increased in this hospital and to analyze the risk factors associated with Elizabethkingia acquisition
Summary
The genus Elizabethkingia comprises glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative rods that are widely distributed in natural environments, including in soil and freshwater, and in hospital environments [1]. Because E. anophelis was the most frequently isolated Elizabethkingia species in recent clinical studies, as confirmed by 16s rRNA gene sequencing [6,7], but is commonly misidentified as E. meningoseptica, many previously reported cases. Some outbreaks of Elizabethkingia species have been reported to have resulted from a contaminated water source [13,14,15]. Recent increases in the annual incidence of Elizabethkingia species. Knowledge about host risk factors associated with the acquisition of Elizabethkingia species is lacking, and no evidence exists that mosquitoes or other sources act as vectors in transmitting it to humans. We aimed to determine whether the incidence of Elizabethkingia species had increased in this hospital and to analyze the risk factors associated with Elizabethkingia acquisition. To identify the source of Elizabethkingia, we obtained and analyzed epidemiologic studies from the hospital environment and mosquitoes
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