Abstract
Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT childhood diseases. Objective: To identify risk factors for AOM in children aged 0 to 5 years. Methods: This research work was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. It focused on 2040 children aged 0 to 5 years from both sexes, who were healthy or sick, and living in the Local government of Parakou for at least one year. Those children were randomly selected in all three districts of Parakou. Results: Frequency of AOM was 2.8% and their prevalence was estimated at 16.3%. The identified risk factors were persistent or chronic cases of rhinitis, exposure to charcoal and wood smoke, low socioeconomic status, personal history of AOM, AOM history among the siblings, and children’s poor nutritional status. No relationship could be established between AOM occurrence and factors like sex, passive smoking, attendance of a day-care centre or stay in nursery, prematurity, exclusive breastfeeding and large number of siblings. Conclusion: The identification of those risk factors will help put in place appropriate measures to reduce AOM prevalence in Parakou.
Highlights
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT childhood diseases
This study aimed to investigate risk factors for acute otitis media in the Local government of Parakou among children aged 0 to 5 years
A personal history of AOM was identified in 332 children, including 48 among the 58 cases diagnosed on the basis of interview and health records; this corresponds to a 16.27% prevalence with CI95% = [0.142 - 0.182]
Summary
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT childhood diseases. Objective: To identify risk factors for AOM in children aged 0 to 5 years. Methods: This research work was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study It focused on 2040 children aged 0 to 5 years from both sexes, who were healthy or sick, and living in the Local government of Parakou for at least one year. Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT diseases among children. (2016) Risk Factors for Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Parakou. Studies conducted to determine risk factors for otitis media specific to Africa are not common in the literature; da Costa et al in Maputo, Mozambique had reported that the use of smoke from coal and wood for cooking was a risk factor [4]
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