Abstract
Clostridioides difficile (CD) is responsible for nosocomial diarrhea syndrome with possible severe progression. Recurrence of the disease induces higher health system costs, as well as exposes patients to additional health risks. Patients with recurrence of this disease are difficult to identify, so the purpose of this study is to quantify various demographic, clinical, and treatment factors that could prevent further progression to recurrence of the disease. In the period 2018–2019, about 195 patients were diagnosed with more than one episode of CDI in the three months following the first episode. The recurrence rate for CDI was 53.84% (60.95% for one episode and 39.05% for multiple episodes). Most commonly afflicted were 60–69-year-old patients, or those with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Multiple analyses associated cardiovascular (odds ratios (OR) = 3.02, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.23–7.39, p = 0.015), digestive (OR = 3.58, 95% CI = 1.01–12.63, p = 0.047), dementia (OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.26–8.41, p = 0.014), immunosuppressive (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.34–11.21, p = 0.012) comorbidities with recurrences. Risk factor identification in the first episode of CDI could lead to the implementation of treatment strategies to improve the patients’ quality of life affected by this disease.
Highlights
Patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) face high treatment costs in addition to a high risk of mortality
The present study aims to identify patients at risk of recurrence, taking into account the existence of comorbidities, demographic indicators, and treatment with symbiotics used after the episode of CDI
A total of 195 patients followedup upfor for three three months months and fidaxomicin
Summary
Patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) face high treatment costs in addition to a high risk of mortality. There is a risk of recurrence within the 90 days following the initial episode, being accurately treated. Most CDI patients return to their social and family lives after clinical remission and completion of treatment. A patient with recurrence within the three months following the initial episode is, obviously, a potential source of infection for the community. A new episode of CDI in a patient can lead to increased mortality risk, isolation problems, additional costs, treatment. The risk for new diarrhea episodes increases from 25 to 65% after the first recurrence episode [1]. Each new episode raises the risk of a future episode by about 20% [2]
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