Risk factors and prevention of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents

Abstract

Contrary to often very simplified explanatory approaches published in the media, the ongoing research takes into account a multi-causal framework and different developmental processes with respect to the causes of aggressive behavior. Meanwhile, a bio-psycho-social model has been established which broadly describes the conditions correlating with the development of aggressive behavior. In addition to the developmental risk and the protective factors listed in this model, situative factors such as provocation, special incentives, ownership of weapons and other provoking factors are also decisive. In accordance with the broad range of developmental and triggering factors, numerous interventions and most of all preventive programs are suggested to reduce aggressive behavior. One of the most intensively evaluated and internationally known prevention programs is “Faustlos” (“without fists”). This article outlines evaluation outcomes, content and structure of the Faustlos-curriculum. The text also summarizes the risk and protective factors for aggressive behavior in children and adolescents.