Risk Factor for Periodontitis

Abstract

Periodontal disease possesses a significant challenge to the patient and the oral health care professional equally .Risk factor that are associated with periodontal disease must be properly identified and examine by professional before the patient is treated by periodontal treatment. It is important as how we educate a patient on risk management .This article offers strategies for professional to use and helps in establishing a balance preventive oral management plan. Pathogenesis of periodontal disease is more complex than the presence of virulent microorganism. Susceptibility to periodontitis varies between individuals who carry the same pathogenic micro flora. I. Introduction- All individuals are uniformly susceptible to developing periodontal disease. Accumulation of plaque, poor oral hygiene and occlusion trauma are sufficient to initiate periodontitis however during the past four decades it is believed that periodontal disease is caused by specific bacterial infections and that individuals are uniformly susceptible neither to these infections nor to the damage caused by them. So the main concentration is to find about the developing markers that allows identification of susceptible individuals prior to developing periodontitis and identifying risk factor that can be modified in order to prevent or alter the periodontal disease. Risk factors- Risk can be identified in terms of risk factor, determinant, indicators, and predictors. A risk factor is any attribute, characteristic or exposure of individuals that increases the likelihood of developing a disease.it can be environmental, behavioural,or biologic factors. Risk determinant should be reserved for that risk factor that cannot be modified. Risk indicator have been identified in cross sectional studies but not confirmed through longitudinal studies. Risk predictors, although associated with increased risk for disease, do not cause the disease.