Risk-averse coordinated operation of hydrogen-integrated energy hubs with seasonal energy storage

Abstract

Addressing seasonal fluctuations and supply–demand mismatches in renewable energy is vital for sustainable multi-energy hubs. Moreover, current research has limitations in achieving economic efficiency, flexibility, security, and sustainability simultaneously. Therefore, this study leverages hydrogen storage’s long-term flexibility, proposing an integrated operational strategy to manage these fluctuations and optimize green energy utilization. This novel tertiary hub hydrogen-based integrated energy system integrates producers, prosumers, and consumers, optimizing ecological and economic sustainability via demand response programs and carbon capture, utilization, and storage systems. Utilizing risk-averse stochastic optimization for day-ahead and real-time operations, it evaluates dispatch decisions’ impact on risk costs and coupling efficiency. This study’s mixed-integer linear programming model, solved using CPLEX in GAMS, ensures a globally optimal solution. Key findings include an 86.15% cost-saving return through multi-energy storage and hub coordination, along with a 5.27% decrease in operating expenses and an 8.13% drop in emissions. In addition, adjusting the risk level parameter by 10% leads to a 14.76% variance in risk cost, bolstering client confidence in the model’s efficacy and sustainability.