Abstract
BackgroundHigh burnout has been reported in physician populations. Although the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China.MethodsThis study was a prospective cross-sectional design. A random sampling strategy was used to recruit 330 resident physicians from four SRT sites in Shanghai, and 318 completed questionnaires were returned. Respondents completed a self-made questionnaire including demographic and work characteristics, four burnout and wellness-specific surveys. Bivariate analyses and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to analyze factors associated with three sub-scales of burn out separately.ResultsThe overall burnout rate was 71.4%. Low level rate of personal accomplishment (PA) was extremely high at 69.5%. Night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low social support were significant predictors, which explained 49.1% variance of emotional exhaustion (EE) (F = 26.528, P < 0.01). Factors that significantly predicted depersonalization (DP) included male gender, senior residents, night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low psychological empathy, which explained 51.5% variance totally (F = 29.004, P < 0.01). Senior residents, high income, low occupational stress, and high empathy were also significant predictors of decreased personal achievement (PA), which explained 18.4% variance totally (F = 12.897, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThere was a high burnout rate among SRT residents in Shanghai. Occupational stress and several work-related factors were significant and strong risk factors for burnout, while empathy and social support were mild protective factors. Decreased work-related demands and increased access to resources could assist residents in reducing their work stress and improving their well-being.
Highlights
High burnout has been reported in physician populations
Our findings on the predictive factors, especially firstly explored empathy and social support as protective factors for residents’ burnout may direct the improvement of standardized residency training (SRT) programs in Shanghai, which could have a great impact throughout China since the SRT programs implemented in Shanghai have been launched in numerous other Chinese cities since 2015
Ethics approval and consent to participate All the respondents in this study participated voluntarily and signed consent forms. This project received approval by the Ethics Review Committee of Tongji Hospital of Tongji University (Registration Number KYSB-2016-100). This current study found that Chinese medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai experienced a high level of burnout, especially in the domain of low personal accomplishment (PA)
Summary
High burnout has been reported in physician populations. the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China. Echoing with the findings in western literature, doctors who are younger than 40 years old had a higher prevalence of burnout than senior physicians in China [14]. Studies focusing on residents indicated that 54.99–78.3% of the respondents experienced burnout syndrome [15,16,17]. These alarming figures may suggest an underestimated problem below the tip of the iceberg
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