Abstract
A 1 × 4 planar fractal array antenna is designed and presented for millimeter-wave 5G applications. The array’s top side is made up of a rhombus-inscribed circular ring fractal patch radiator, while the backside is made up of a square notch-loaded partial ground plane. To achieve high gain, a 1 × 4 corporate feeding network is used to excite the array elements. The designed array has an overall size of 28 × 17.75 mm2. From simulations as well as experimental results, it is observed that the designed array offers a wide impedance bandwidth in the frequency range of 22.8–29.2 GHz. Furthermore, a peak gain of 10.7 dBi with a radiation efficiency of > 95% is observed in the operating bandwidth.
Highlights
Fifth-generation (5G) communication technology will bring unique features for consumers
It will provide access to users everywhere and will select the best performance among other technologies such as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). e selection of the best performance will be based on the throughput and on the most appropriate metrics depending on the nature of the service
In [5], a design of a 1 × 8 antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) array was presented for 5G applications. e authors described that the AVA array operated from 24.55 GHz to 28.5 GHz and offered a peak gain of 11.32 dBi. e same kind of AVA configuration was utilized in [6]
Summary
Fifth-generation (5G) communication technology will bring unique features for consumers. In [9], a spiral-shaped radiator with three hexagonal-shaped parasitic elements placed at the backside of the radiators was used to achieve a wide impedance bandwidth in the frequency range of 23.76–42.15 GHz and a gain of 11.5 dBi, while in [10], a rhombus-shaped patch radiator with square-shaped parasitic elements was utilized to achieve a bandwidth from 26 GHz to 30.63 GHz. A 1 × 4 series-fed elliptical slot-loaded circular patch array for 5G communication systems was presented in [11]. E single element of the array has a rhombus-inscribed circular ring fractal shape, while a notch-loaded partial ground plane is placed on the bottom side to achieve wide impedance bandwidth. The presented array design is simple in nature and can be fabricated using low fabrication techniques, e.g., chemical etching
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