Abstract

It is shown that under certain circumstances, on cooling mixed ι- and κ-carrageenan solutions, the two forms gel separately at different temperatures, with the ι form gelling first. This ‘two-step gelation’ was only observed when both sodium and potassium ions were present, with a sodium/potassium mole ratio of between 1 and 100. For such mixed gels, a κ fraction as low as 2·5% of the total carrageenan has significant effects on their rheology, both at low deformation and fracture. In these systems, the κ form, gelling in the presence of an existing ι gel, produces measurable rheological effects at much lower concentrations than if it were alone. This behaviour can be used as a sensitive test of the ‘rheological purity’ of samples of ι-carrageenan.

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