Abstract
In the last decade, exploration in high temperature and pressure wells has motivated the improvement of drilling fluids with the application of nanoparticles. In this context, nanoclay, the most available of nanoparticles, has been applied in the development of nanofluids, mainly associated with polymers. In parallel, among the polymers used, xanthan gum has been little explored for this purpose. In this work, the interaction between xanthan gum, hydrophobic nanoclay, sodium and calcium chloride and their influence on the rheological parameters of the mixture was evaluated in solution. The influence of temperature and hydration time on the rheological parameters of the mixture was also evaluated. For this purpose, nanoclay was first characterized with XRF, XRD and TGA. Then, a complete factorial design 24 was adopted, varying the concentrations of nanoclay, xanthan, sodium and calcium chlorides. Third, a Doehlert Matrix of the 7x5x3 type was adopted, varying the concentrations of nanoclay, xanthan and temperature, with the concentrations of the constant salts. In the fourth, select the effect of the hydration time on the color rheological parameters. Finally, Conductivity and Potential Zetas of sizes were verified, varying the concentration of the components and the hydration time of the mixtures. It was concluded that the interactions between the components of the mixture do not stabilize; the temperature, the salts have no significant influence on the rheology of the mixture; nanoclay in concentrations not exceeding 5% (m/v) interacts with the Minimum Shear Stress; the rheological parameters stabilize after 96h of hydration.
Highlights
With the increasing demand for oil in the world, oil drilling has gone into exploration in increasingly deep wells [Bland et al, 2006; Amanullah et al, 2011; EIA, 2017; Aftab, 2017]
Among the polymers used, xanthan gum has been little explored for this purpose
The interaction between xanthan gum, hydrophobic nanoclay, sodium and calcium chloride and their influence on the rheological parameters of the mixture was evaluated in solution
Summary
With the increasing demand for oil in the world, oil drilling has gone into exploration in increasingly deep wells [Bland et al, 2006; Amanullah et al, 2011; EIA, 2017; Aftab, 2017]. In this context, XG, a biopolymer added to drilling fluids since 1970 [Caenn et al, 2014; Kelco, 2000] still has great potential in the nanofluids development. In parallel, considering the interaction with shale and the nanometric dimensions of its pores [Khodja et al, 2010; Steiger & Leung, 1992; Chenevert, 1970; Al-Bazali et al, 2005; Cai et al, 2011], its inhibition demands anionic interactions, evaluated with the adoption of nanoparticles associated with polymers [Parizad et al, 2018; Jain & Mahto, 2015; Abdo e Haneef, 2013] In this regard this work assesses the interaction between XG and hydrophobic montmorillonite (NA) nanoclay, in sodium chloride and calcium chloride solution. As a methodology, were adopted two-level experimental planning with a central point, Response Surface Method [Ferreira, 2015] and evaluation of Electrical Conductivity and Zeta Potential [Rao et al, 2005; Shaw, 1992; Holmberg et al, 2002]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
