Abstract
Shear tests using a coaxial cylinders viscometer were performed in order to determine the rheological and thixotropic properties of xanthan gum dispersions with sodium bentonite in the presence of high salt concentrations of sodium and calcium chlorides. The dispersions rheology with different temperatures and concentrations of NaCl, CaCl2 and xanthan gum were prepared by fixing the bentonite concentration of 1%. The dispersions showed a good fit to power law model through linear regressions with the lowest coefficient of determination value of 0,98. A screening was made initially to decide which independent variables potentially affect the rheological and thixotropic parameters. The independent variables were temperature, the xanthan gum and sodium and calcium chlorides concentrations. Then a full factorial design in duplicate with the remaining variables on the same tracks was performed. The results eliminated calcium chloride as an independent variable and revealed a strong dependence of the rheological and thixotropic parameters with temperature and xanthan gum and NaCl concentrations.
Highlights
IntroductionThe well drilling is a process that aims to produce oil and gas, and the injection of fluids to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons
The well drilling is a process that aims to produce oil and gas, and the injection of fluids to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons.In the current national scene, most of the oil and gas discovered can only be accessed by drilling offshore wells
The current study aims to investigate the effects of temperature and concentrations of monovalent and divalent ions in the rheological (“k” and “n”) and thixotropic (G10s and G10m) parameters of xanthan gum with bentonite dispersions in order to use this polymer as a viscosifying agent in aqueous based drilling fluids
Summary
The well drilling is a process that aims to produce oil and gas, and the injection of fluids to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons. In the current national scene, most of the oil and gas discovered can only be accessed by drilling offshore wells. Drilling fluids are complex mixtures of solids, liquids, chemicals, and sometimes even gases. From a chemical point of view, drilling fluids can assume aspects of colloidal dispersion or emulsion, depending on the physical state of its components[1]. They are traditionally classified according to their base, which may be aqueous, non-aqueous, or gaseous
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