RFID-integrated blockchain-driven circular supply chain management: A system architecture for B2B tea industry

Abstract

Circular supply chain management (CSCM) is required for the tea industry to transition from a linear economic model to a more productive circular economic model. However, tracking reusable and recyclable materials over the life cycle of the tea supply chain involves multiple stakeholders. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology driven by blockchain technology (BCT) can help to manage the complexities of circular tea supply chain management (CTSCM), establishing transparency and traceability in the industry. This study takes the first step in developing a distributed and service-oriented system architecture that embraces an RFID-integrated BCT-enabled circular supply chain practice model for a business-to-business (B2B) tea industry network. The study provides a deeper understanding of inventory performance, resource use, and the industry's processes. Furthermore, the results will aid enterprises in the B2B tea industry to better understand the factors influencing supply chain performance. Managerial and social implications of implementing RFID-integrated blockchain-driven technologies in service of the circular economy agenda are discussed.