Revisiting Premolars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis and Classifying Their Roots and Root Canal Morphology Using Newer Classification.

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The objective is to compare the internal morphology of premolars while applyingthe Vertucci andrecent classification systemfor root canal variations in the Gujarat populationusing CBCT. A sample size of 537 CBCT images collected from various diagnostic centers in Gujarat was analyzed. The root canal morphology was then classifiedby using two methods - Ahmed et al. and Vertucci classification system. Fisher's exact test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. All the premolars revealed a varied canal configuration. More than halfof maxillary first and 42% of maxillary second premolars were double rooted. Vertucci type IV classification was the most common infirst maxillary premolars and Type I and type IV were commonly seen in second premolars. According to the new system, the code 2N B1 P1 wascommonly seen for first maxillarypremolars. The majority of mandibular premolars were single rooted. Classification wise type I Vertucci and 1 N1 were themost common types observed. Premolars - both maxillary and mandibular - in this subpopulation had a wide range of root canal anatomical variations.Clinicians should be aware of this for a successful treatment outcome.The new system for classifying canal morphology describes the root and canal configurations in a more accurate and practical manner compared to the Vertucci classificationand hence can be used routinely.