Review on Role of Proline on Coffee Under Drought Conditions

Wubishet Tamirat

doi:10.7176/jees/9-10-01

Abstract

Drought is one of the major constraints that limiting production of crop worldwide. Plants tolerate drought by many ways like morphological, physiological and biochemical tolerance mechanisms. Plants develop mechanisms to tolerant abiotic stress by osmotic adjustment that is usually accomplished by uptake of inorganic ions, as well as the accumulation of proline. Proline is a universal osmo-protectant and acts as an osmolyte and antioxidant, and it is one of the most important compatible solutes that play a vital role in osmotic adjustment in crops under drought stress. Accumulation of proline considered as adaptive mechanisms in drought-tolerant coffee genotypes. In general, more attention on biochemical traits for drought tolerant mechanisms on coffee should be given. Therefore, looking for high proline accumulation genotype under drought conditions is important for further coffee breeding program to release drought tolerant genotypes. Keywords: Coffee, Drought, Tolerant, Proline Accumulation DOI : 10.7176/JEES/9-10-01 Publication date :October 31 st 2019

Highlights

Plant growth and productivity are affected by different environmental factors like water deficit, temperature extremes, salinity, toxic metal ion concentration and UV radiation
Drought stress imposed by withholding irrigation induced proline accumulation in coffee leaves
The difference was observed on both Arabica and Robusta coffee cultivars for the concentration of leaf proline under both control and drought-stressed conditions, but stressed plants accumulated substantially higher level than control (Maestri et al, 1995)

Summary

Introduction

Plant growth and productivity are affected by different environmental factors like water deficit, temperature extremes, salinity, toxic metal ion concentration and UV radiation. The difference was observed on both Arabica and Robusta coffee cultivars for the concentration of leaf proline under both control and drought-stressed conditions, but stressed plants accumulated substantially higher level than control (Maestri et al, 1995). Proline has been shown to function as a molecular chaperone able to protect protein integrity, enhance the activities of different enzymes, prevent of protein aggregation and stabilization of lactate dehydrogenase during extreme temperatures, protection of nitrate reductase during heavy metal and osmotic stress, stabilization of ribonucleases and proteases upon arsenate exposure (Mishra and Dubey, 2006) It is important for protein synthesis, has protective functions as an osmolyte, contributes to the maintenance of the redox balance, can regulate development and is a component of metabolic signaling networks controlling mitochondrial functions, stress relief and development (Szabados and Savoure, 2010).

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