Abstract
The rapid growth of air traffic worldwide leads to frequent landing and takeoff of airplanes at busy airports. Therefore, the airport runway must be safe and clean from any tiny size and shape of foreign object debris that is very hard to detect by visual inspection. For successful and fast removal of foreign object debris, an efficient system capable of precisely detecting foreign object debris is required. This paper presents a review of the available technologies to detect foreign object debris and compares commercially available foreign object debris detection technologies. The review has revealed that millimeter-wave radar technology is one of the most efficient foreign object debris detection techniques as it is weather resilient. Furthermore, millimeter-wave radar integrated with radio over fiber technology provides a cost-effective solution to detect foreign object debris within 10 seconds at 96 GHz frequency. A pilot test has been carried out at Narita International Airport, Japan and Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia, to detect foreign object debris either in a mobile or immobile position.
Highlights
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has estimated that current developments in air transport could double the number of travellers to 8.2 billion in 2037 [1]
The Air France Flight 4590 had run over debris that had fallen from the aircraft that took off about 4 minutes earlier [6]. Another FODrelated accident is reported by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) where the nose wheel tire of a charter flight was punctured by foreign object debris (FOD), but the damage was sustained during landing [7]
The linear cell FOD detection system installed at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) Malaysia and Narita International Airport (NIA) Japan is capable of rapid alert by radar sensing with high accuracy while aircrafts takeoff or landing
Summary
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has estimated that current developments in air transport could double the number of travellers to 8.2 billion in 2037 [1]. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has identified planned commercial air traffic and security events on runways as one of three high-risk accident categories in the ICAO Global Flight Safety Plan. FOD can be defined as any debris or damage that can lead to aircraft accident [4,5]. The Air France Flight 4590 had run over debris that had fallen from the aircraft that took off about 4 minutes earlier [6]. Another FODrelated accident is reported by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) where the nose wheel tire of a charter flight was punctured by FOD, but the damage was sustained during landing [7].
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