Review on development of wet latent fingerprints by small particle reagent

Abstract

Small particle reagent technique is a method which is used to develop fingermarks on moist and smooth surfaces. It consist the theory of adherence of fine particles which is suspended in a treating solution to the oily or fatty components (water insoluble) present in in latent fingermark residue and gives a grey colored deposit. It is also considered as belonging to the family of powder dusting. The effectiveness of this technique can be increased by using fluorescent dyes in it's treating solution which can also detect faint fingermarks on multi-colored surfaces. Small particle reagent involves the use of synthetic detergent which was here replaced by saponin extracted from the fruit of Sapindus mukorossi as natural detergent.  The other ingredient used in the formulation is black charcoal powder. This composition develops sharp and clear fingermarks on non-adsorbent surfaces like glass, metal sheet, plastic, laminated wood, ceramic tiles and compact discs after these were immersed in water for variable periods of time. The ability of the present formulation to detect weak chance prints not only enhances its utility, but also its potentiality in forensic investigations. The raw materials used to prepare the SPR are easily available and cost-effective.