Review on Coffee Production and Quality in Ethiopia

Abstract

Coffee is one of the world's most significant agricultural commodities. Ethiopia is the origin of Arabica coffee (<i>Coffea arabica L.)</i> and contains a diverse genetic pool. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of Ethiopian coffee production, production systems, and quality. Coffee production is critical to the Ethiopian economy, with around a quarter of the people relying on it directly or indirectly for survival. Ethiopia's main product, coffee, is the country's economic backbone. Ethiopian coffee output is between 400,000 and 550,000 metric tons per year, depending on weather and soil conditions. Coffee, Ethiopia's principal export, is the country's economic backbone with the majority growing in the country's south, southwest, and east. Ethiopia has four techniques of coffee production: forest coffee, semi-forest coffee, and forest coffee. Coffee quality is a yardstick for the coffee industry. Despite good climatic conditions and a diverse range of indigenous coffee cultivars, coffee quality has been dropping owing to a variety of inadequate pre-and post-harvest methods. Despite ideal climatic conditions and a diverse range of indigenous coffee kinds for quality development, coffee quality has been deteriorating owing to a variety of inadequate pre-and post-harvest practices. Lack of competitiveness, infrastructure, proper access to services, insufficient value addition, effective knowledge transfer and research, competitiveness, and unpredictability of rainfall are all major challenges to Ethiopian coffee production, and coffee marketing, pricing instability, and restricted market access have all been cited as major concerns. Enhancing infrastructure and institutional facilities, as well as upgrading coffee manufacturing techniques that include the introduction of new coffee varieties. As a result, enhancing coffee quality required the use of proper agronomic and climatic conditions, as well as the adoption of proven crop varieties.