Climate Change Effect on Coffee Yield and Quality: A Review

doi:10.7176/fsqm/113-01

Abstract

Climate changes are alarming the world by hampering agriculture and its products. Coﬀee production is highly dependent on a regular sequence of weather events. Alteration in precipitation patterns, temperature, storms, strong winds and other extreme weather events directly impact coﬀee quality and productivity levels. In this paper, the production, growth requirements of coffee, climate change factors and the impact of climate change on coffee yields and quality were assessed in detail. Potential solutions for minimizing the influence of climate change on coffee productivity and quality are also discussed. Keywords: Adaptation, Climate Change, coffee quality, coffee yield, Mitigation DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/113-01 Publication date: February 28 th 2022

Highlights

Brazil is the leading coffee producer and exporter country followed by Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia and Ethiopia (ICO, 2016)
Over 70 countries produce coffee, and over 50 percent comes from just three countries Brazil, Veitnam and Colombia (Fig 2)
This review summarizes the production, growing requirements of coffee, and influences of climate change on the yields and quality of coffee around the world

Summary

Introduction

Coffee is one of the most widely drunk beverages in the world, and is a very important source of foreign exchange income for many countries. They found that 100 percent of suitable land for Arabica coffee production will disappear due to climate change by the year 2080 They determined a negative trend between the increase in global temperatures and the growth of Arabica coffee (Davis et al, 2012).A shift in climate and agricultural zones towards the higher altitudes, changes in production, patterns due to higher temperature, changing precipitation patterns, increased vulnerability of the landless and the poor (Lin et al, 2008). Impact of Climate Change on Coffee Quality The potential yield and quality of coffee is determined by both temperature and rainfall condition since both ability to interfere with the phonological growth of the crop (Haggar and Schepp, 2011) These impacts include, for example, disrupted flowering cycles and prolonged drought periods, which ultimate result in reduced coffee quantity and quality (Masters et al, 2009). Studies of carbon footprints from coffee production indicate that on-farm emissions, and in particular nitrogen fertilization account for about 40% of the carbon footprint of the whole coffee chain (PCF, 2008)

Adaptation strategies

Synergies in adaptation and mitigation

Findings

Conclusion