Abstract
The installation of wind energy increased in the last twenty years, as its cost decreased, and it contributes to reducing GHG emissions. A race toward gigantism characterizes wind turbine development, primarily driven by offshore projects. The larger wind turbines are facing higher loads, and the imperatives of mass reduction make them more flexible. Size increase of wind turbines results in higher structural vibrations that reduce the lifetime of the components (blades, main shaft, bearings, generator, gearbox, etc.) and might lead to failure or destruction. This paper aims to present in detail the problems associated with wind turbine vibration and a thorough literature review of the different mitigation solutions. We explore the advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the existing vibration control systems for wind turbines. These systems belong to six main categories, according to the physical principles used and how they operate to mitigate the vibrations. This paper offers a multi-criteria analysis of a vast number of systems in different phases of development, going from full-scale testing to prototype stage, experiments, research, and ideas.
Highlights
We present, one after the other, the vibration control systems based on Microtabs advanced blade pitch control, the variable rotor diameter technique, the methods based
We present, one after the other, the vibration control systems based on advanced blade pitch control, the variable rotor diameter technique, the methods based on flow control, tuned dampers, and the active tendons embedded in the blade structure
Numerous vibration control systems are described in the scientific literature, many of which were adapted from other fields like aeronautics or civil engineering to fit wind turbine applications
Summary
The price instability of non-renewable energy sources and the trend to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulted in increased investment in renewable energies. Different systems to control the vibration of wind turbines are available, acting either on the tower or directly on the blade Several papers reviewed these systems, such as the work done by Van Dam et al [8], with an extensive analysis of the methods based on active flow control. We present, one after the other, the vibration control systems based on Microtabs advanced blade pitch control, the variable rotor diameter technique, the methods based. We present, one after the other, the vibration control systems based on advanced blade pitch control, the variable rotor diameter technique, the methods based on flow control, tuned dampers, and the active tendons embedded in the blade structure. We present a new solution for vibration control, based on the use of piezoelectric material, and compare it with existing methods
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