Review of the Literature on Pyloromyotomy: What We Know so Far?

Abstract

Pyloromyotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat infants with pyloric stenosis. Pyloric stenosis is a relatively common condition in which the muscle at the bottom of the stomach (the pylorus) becomes thickened, leading to obstruction of the passage of food into the small intestine. Pyloromyotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making a small incision in the infant's abdomen and cutting through the thickened muscle fibers of the pylorus to create a wider opening for food to pass through. This article reviews the indications, technique, outcomes, and potential complications of pyloromyotomy, with a particular focus on the pediatric population. The success rate of the procedure is over 95%, and most infants are able to resume feeding within a day or two after the procedure. Pyloromyotomy is a safe and effective treatment for pyloric stenosis, but as with any surgical procedure, there are risks involved, including bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding organs. The article discusses the preoperative preparation, intraoperative techniques, and postoperative care of infants undergoing pyloromyotomy, as well as the long-term outcomes and potential complications of the procedure. The importance of careful patient selection, accurate diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management is emphasized, along with the need for close monitoring and follow-up after surgery.