Abstract
Magnetic shape memory alloys are a new group of "smart" materials that exhibit large strain of 6-12% when subjected to magnetic fields. This indicates their enormous potential to be used in different electromagnetic (EM) devices such as actuators, sensors, energy harvesters and dampers. Shape change in MSM materials is controlled by magnetic field and doesn't involve phase transformation, allowing it to overcome a number of disadvantages of conventional shape memory alloys (SMAs). MSM devices are capable of producing large force and stroke output in considerably small dimensions. At the same time they can have fast response and potentially very long lifetime. This paper discusses different modern designs and approaches to MSM actuator design with their advantages and disadvantages. An overview on characteristics of MSM alloys is also presented in order to highlight how different properties of the material influence the total output of a device.
Highlights
Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) or ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) form a new group of shape memory materials in which a shape change can be controlled by the application of a magnetic field or an external stress
Magnetic flied inside an MSM stick produced by permanent magnets will depend on MSM permeability which is a function of strain and, the magnetic stress produced will not be constant
This means that during elongation the compressive magnetic stress will be excessively high which will lead to a decrease in maximum output force of an actuator by even higher amount than a spring does
Summary
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