Abstract
Graphene is a remarkable two-dimensional (2D) material that is of great interest to both academia and industry. It has outstanding electrical and thermal conductivity and good mechanical behavior with promising applications in electronic devices, supercapacitors, batteries, composite materials, flexible transparent displays, solar cells, and sensors. Several methods have been used to produce either pristine graphene or doped graphene. These include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), mechanical exfoliation, decomposition of SiC, liquid-phase exfoliation, pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Among these methods, PLD, which is routinely used for growing complex oxide thin films has proved to be an alternative to the more widely reported CVD method for producing graphene thin films, because of its advantages. Here we review the synthesis of graphene using PLD. We describe recent progress in preparing pristine graphene and doped graphene by PLD, including deposition processes and characterization. The goal of this complete survey is to describe the advantages of using the technique for graphene growth. The review will also help researchers to better understand graphene synthesis using the PLD technique.
Highlights
Graphene is considered to be an emergent 2D material for modern science because of its unique versatile properties including high conductivity, transparency, strength, and thermal conductivity with many potential applications in research and industry as transparent electrodes, field emitters, biosensors, batteries, composites, and so on (Geim and Novoselov, 2007; Lee et al, 2008; Bonaccorso et al, 2010; Kuila et al, 2011; Novoselov et al, 2012; Kim et al, 2013)
Graphene has remarkable properties that promise a wide range of possible applications including electronic devices, supercapacitors, batteries, composites, flexible transparent displays, solar cells, and sensors
The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique is appealing for the growth of graphene materials as an alternative to the conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique
Summary
Graphene is considered to be an emergent 2D material for modern science because of its unique versatile properties including high conductivity, transparency, strength, and thermal conductivity with many potential applications in research and industry as transparent electrodes, field emitters, biosensors, batteries, composites, and so on (Geim and Novoselov, 2007; Lee et al, 2008; Bonaccorso et al, 2010; Kuila et al, 2011; Novoselov et al, 2012; Kim et al, 2013). Ren et al (2017) grew nitrogen doped graphene (NG) in situ using ultraviolet pulsed laser deposition in the presence of nitrogen on Si/SiO2 substrates without the need for a metal catalytic layer. Nickel thin film with its high carbon solubility, low cost and ease of fabrication in electronic devices has been extensively used as metal catalyst in PLD graphene synthesis.
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