Abstract
Flexible textile strain sensors that can be directly integrated into clothing have attracted much attention due to their great potential in wearable human health monitoring systems and human–computer interactions. Fiber- or yarn-based strain sensors are promising candidate materials for flexible and wearable electronics due to their light weights, good stretchability, high intrinsic and structural flexibility, and flexible integrability. This article investigates representative conductive materials, traditional and novel preparation methods and the structural design of fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors as well as the interconnection and encapsulation of sensing fibers or yarns. In addition, this review summarizes the effects of the conductive materials, preparation strategy and structures on the crucial sensing performance. Discussions will be presented regarding the applications of fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors. Finally, this article summarizes the bottleneck of current fiber- or yarn-based resistive strain sensors in terms of conductive materials, fabrication techniques, integration and performance, as well as scientific understanding, and proposes future research directions.
Highlights
As the demand for the real-time monitoring of human motion and physiological information has recently grown, miniature and intelligent wearable electronic devices have been rapidly developed
This review mainly focuses on the research progress of resistive strain sensors
The latest research progress and various modification strategies of fiber and yarn resistive strain sensors are first introduced, and the emphasis is placed on the influence of conductive materials on the electrical performance of the sensor, as well as the influence of different fabrication technologies and structural design on sensing performance
Summary
As the demand for the real-time monitoring of human motion and physiological information has recently grown, miniature and intelligent wearable electronic devices have been rapidly developed. Fiber or yarn sensors meet the requirements of excellent flexibility, air permeability and comfort for wearable electronic devices due to their advantages of softness, portability, ductility and easy implantation into complex structures. They are more suitable for the development of a new generation of flexible strain sensors. The latest research progress and various modification strategies of fiber and yarn resistive strain sensors are first introduced, and the emphasis is placed on the influence of conductive materials on the electrical performance of the sensor, as well as the influence of different fabrication technologies and structural design on sensing performance. Limited to working strain range, susceptible to the surrounding environment, and small sensitivity
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