Abstract
A quantum computer can destroy most, if not all, of the traditional cryptosystems used in practice, namely, all the systems on the basis of the integer factorization problem (e. g. RSA) or the discrete logarithm problem (both traditional and elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman and DSA, and the whole cryptography based on the pairing). Some classic cryptosystems based on computationally difficult problems are very different from the above and more difficult to solve, they are independent of the quantum computation. In this paper, a review of methods of information security based on quantum and post-quantum technologies was carried out. For each of the methods of information security based on quantum technologies are the advantages and disadvantages. Describes the system of post-quantum cryptography based on lattice theory. The results of the survey allow to formalize the direction of future research of post-quantum methods and development of new effective information security systems using quantum technologies.
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