Abstract
According to the International Energy Agency, nearly 20% of worldwide electricity is used up by lighting. This is equal to the total electricity nuclear power generates. Thus, it is needy to explore new technologies for direct use of sunlight via integrating daylight system to the building, which is cost-saving, environment-friendly, and a green solution rather than indirect conversion of electricity to lighting even from renewable sources. In this paper, we present a review on the existing technologies of daylighting systems up to date and how they can provide lighting in a building interior via collection and distribution of sunlight. Our review is a comprehensive study to embrace both passive daylighting system with stationary design and active daylighting system equipped with sun tracking. The economic feasibility, general challenges, and prospects of daylighting systems are also discussed to understand the existing problems that hinder the extensive deployment of daylighting systems. In conclusion, more research works are needed in improving the technological development of a daylighting system so that it is more affordable, environment-friendly, less energy-intensive, and easy to install and gives uniform illumination for the effective application in both commercial building and residential houses.
Highlights
The major purpose of both natural and artificial lights is to provide good and comfortable visibility for indoor and outdoor activities throughout the day regardless of weather conditions [1]
Various kinds of daylighting systems will be reviewed under two major headings: “passive daylighting systems” which are the basic types of daylighting systems where sometimes waveguide is applied to increase the penetration of daylight and “active daylighting systems” which are advanced daylighting technologies consisted of a solar collector with sun-tracking system and waveguide is necessary for daylight distribution
(2) The tracking system is very good with a precision of 0.1° to accommodate the focusing at 2500 suns (3) The total internal reflection angle is ±30°, and experimental results showed that larger incident angles result in greater attenuation (4) The benefit of this system is the Tracking accuracy can affect the effectiveness of the daylighting system as less than 0.1° suntracking error gives less than 20% output luminous flux loss
Summary
The major purpose of both natural and artificial lights is to provide good and comfortable visibility for indoor and outdoor activities throughout the day regardless of weather conditions [1]. (1) At a very affordable cost, it can be reconstructed into completely built structures or even into an ongoing construction (2) The air indoor is of better quality as forced air mechanisms are eliminated using a daylighting system (3) In passive daylighting, minimum system maintenance is required as there is no mechanical device unlike in the active daylighting system (4) Economized or eradicated cooling and heating costs since passive daylighting pays dividends over the lifespan of a structure It has been observed by expert architects of passive solar designs that the design of buildings with passive daylighting systems costs a bit more than buildings made of only concrete blocks and bricks but saves money on a long-term basis. Various kinds of daylighting systems will be reviewed under two major headings: “passive daylighting systems” which are the basic types of daylighting systems where sometimes waveguide is applied to increase the penetration of daylight and “active daylighting systems” which are advanced daylighting technologies consisted of a solar collector with sun-tracking system and waveguide is necessary for daylight distribution
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