Abstract
This paper attempts to present a clearer picture, a detailed and up to date review of the heat transfer enhancement and thermal conductivity improvement for conventional fluids by adding carbon nanotubes or hybrid carbon nanotubes in the base fluid to obtain nanofluids or ionanofluid. Carbon nanotubes have attracted the interest of different researchers because of their high thermal conductivity that exceeds other equivalent types of nanoparticles. In view of this, the effect of different key factors like concentration, temperature and shape type of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity improvement in nanofluids were reviewed. Moreover, the effect of surfactant stabilizers on the carbon nanotubes nanofluids distribution was evaluated. The results that have been obtained from the valuable studies have been analyzed and some gaps have been found that need to be re-reviewed by the researchers
Highlights
With the development and emergence of new sciences and technology, the researchers have developed conventional heat transfer fluids that are used in various industries like cooling, heating and other applications
Nanofluids lead to increasing heat transfer and thermal conductivity, and in another direction it was noted that the nanofluids have led to increasing the pressure drop when the concentration of the nanoparticles is high in the base fluid, due to the increase in viscosity, where the pressure drop is considered to be an important parameter [1,2,3,4]
Zubir et al [79] have studied the influence of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on heat transfer coefficient and water and as high as 144% improvement in Nu was recorded near the conduit entrance and about 63% at the downstream section and it was observed that heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number were enhanced when adding RGO
Summary
With the development and emergence of new sciences and technology, the researchers have developed conventional heat transfer fluids that are used in various industries like cooling, heating and other applications. Nanofluids lead to increasing heat transfer and thermal conductivity, and in another direction it was noted that the nanofluids have led to increasing the pressure drop when the concentration of the nanoparticles is high in the base fluid, due to the increase in viscosity, where the pressure drop is considered to be an important parameter [1,2,3,4]. The essential liquids are Water, Fat, Ethylene glycol (EG), Engine oil (EO) and others while the nanoparticles are: MWCNT, SWCNT, CuO, Cu, Al, Si, etc Where each of these nanoparticles has different thermal conductivity and contributes to improving heat transfer [10,11,12]. Journal of Thermal Engineering, Research Article, Vol 7, No 1, pp. 66 - 90, January, 2021
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