Abstract
Today agriculture is changing in response to the requirements of modern society, where ensuring food supply through practices such as water conservation, reduction of agrochemicals and the required planted surface, which guarantees high quality crops are in demand. Greenhouses have proven to be a reliable solution to achieve these goals; however, a greenhouse as a means for protected agriculture has the potential to lead to serious problems. The most of these are related to the inside greenhouse climate conditions where controlling the temperature and relative humidity (RH) are the main objectives of engineering. Achieving appropriate climate conditions to ensure high yield and quality crops reducing energy consumption have been the objective of investigations for some time. Different schemes in control theories have been applied in this field to solve the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present a review of different control techniques applied in protected agriculture to manage greenhouse climate conditions, presenting advantages and disadvantages of developed control platforms in order to suggest a design methodology according to results obtained from different investigations.
Highlights
A greenhouse is an enclosed space that creates a different environment to that found outside due to the confinement of the air and to the absorption of shortwave solar radiation through a plastic or glass covers (El Ghoumari et al, 2005)
This review clearly shows that there is a tendency to utilize climate controllers for protected agriculture applications where these are based on very simple control theories, like ON/OFF, PID controllers or some variation thereof
Recent investigations have shown that is not enough to adjust temperature and humidity ratings to maximum and minimum setpoints which are affordable for plant needs
Summary
A greenhouse is an enclosed space that creates a different environment to that found outside due to the confinement of the air and to the absorption of shortwave solar radiation through a plastic or glass covers (El Ghoumari et al, 2005). The greenhouse microclimate can be manipulated by control actions, such as heating, ventilation, CO2 enrichment to name a few; in order to provide appropriate environmental conditions (Bennis et al, 2008). These modifications imply additional use of energy in the production process. Horticulture in greenhouse conditions is a rapidly expanding interest and is increasing in its economic and social importance
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