Abstract
ObjectiveTo establish an overview of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous nephrostomy performed at a referral center for cancer, addressing the characteristics of patients submitted to this intervention, as well as the indications for it, the technical specificities of it, and its main complications.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving a review of the electronic medical records and images of patients submitted to CT-guided percutaneous nephrostomy at a referral center for cancer between 2014 and 2016.ResultsA total of 201 procedures were evaluated. In most cases, the obstruction was caused by a malignant neoplasm. Complications occurred in 9.5% of the cases, and an additional intervention was required (typically for catheter repositioning) in 36.6%. Post-procedure complications were not found to be significantly associated with the type of previous cancer treatment, the technique used, the caliber of the drain used in the procedure, or the degree of dilatation of the collection system prior to the procedure.ConclusionIn cancer patients, CT-guided percutaneous nephrostomy is an effective treatment, with success rates and complication rates similar to those reported in the general population.
Highlights
Percutaneous nephrostomy is a procedure, typically performed by interventional radiologists, that aims to provide temporary or permanent alternative drainage of the upper urinary tract, as a solution to mechanical obstruction or other defects of the drainage system not resulting in direct occlusion[1,2,3]
Meira MS et al / computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous nephrostomy in cancer patients therapeutic, antibiotic, or antifungal agents; to divert the renal collecting system in order to optimize the treatment of fistulas resulting from trauma, iatrogenic injury, malignant neoplasms, or inflammatory diseases; to treat complications related to renal transplantation; to extract a foreign body[4]; and to treat other urologic diseases[5]
In the context of cancer treatment, percutaneous nephrostomy plays an important role because it is an effective method of creating an alternative path of urinary drainage to bypass obstructions, most of which are caused by neoplasms in the cervix, prostate, or bladder[6]
Summary
Percutaneous nephrostomy is a procedure, typically performed by interventional radiologists, that aims to provide temporary or permanent alternative drainage of the upper urinary tract, as a solution to mechanical obstruction or other defects of the drainage system not resulting in direct occlusion[1,2,3]. In the context of cancer treatment, percutaneous nephrostomy plays an important role because it is an effective method of creating an alternative path of urinary drainage to bypass obstructions, most of which are caused by neoplasms in the cervix, prostate, or bladder[6]. Because of its minimally invasive nature, percutaneous nephrostomy guided by axial imaging methods is associated with lower morbidity and less patient discomfort than is the corresponding surgical procedure. Another advantage is that it can be performed with only local anesthesia, with or without conscious sedation, avoiding the need for general anesthesia
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