Abstract

The use of single-agent retinoids in invasive cervical cancer is limited. The development of invasive cervical carcinoma is a process of metaplasia, dysplasia, and then neoplasia of the epithelium, most frequently at the squamocolumnar junction, which eventually results in invasion of the basement membrane. Radiotherapy plays a fundamental role in the treatment of cervical cancer. It is useful in all stages of invasive cervical cancer but is utilized primarily in stage lb or higher stages of disease not amenable to radical hysterectomy. The complex dietary epidemiology in cervical carcinogenesis has been reviewed and includes associations with zinc, folate, and fiber intake. Cervical neoplasia and dysplasia are a major public health problem worldwide. The venereal relationship is well established and there is strong evidence for the role of viruses, particularly papillomavirus. Viruses have a major role in the development of cervical carcinoma.

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