Rethinking the Parables of Luke 15: A Case for the Fourth Parable

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Abstract This article explores separating the two sections that make up the third parable to explore whether the second of the two could constitute a fourth parable that has its own unique message and therefore could stand alone. Moreover, all four parables are compared to see whether or not there are common features and/or patterns that could exhibit the intent of the storyteller. My thesis is that Luke 15 has four parables. This notion is supported structurally, thematically and is consistent with Jesus’ teaching methodology and his theology. I propose that when we limit it to three, we inadvertently legitimize the thoughts, actions, and feelings of the elder brother, weaken the contrast and thereby dullen the message Jesus sought to convey to his hearers.