Abstract
Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy worldwide. This study was designed to study the blood pressure-lowering effect of resveratrol (RES) in a salt-induced hypertensive pregnant rat model. Methods Forty female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 4 groups: Normal Preg (0.9% salt diet), Normal Preg + RES (0.9% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks), Salt Preg (8% salt diet), and Salt Preg + RES (8% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks). Noninvasive blood pressure was recorded on gestational days 7 and 14. On the gestational day 19, foetuses were weighed, and blood and urine samples were harvested for electrolytes and biochemical assays. Results RES significantly reduced SBP, DBP, and MAP on gestational days 7 and 14 in the Salt Preg + RES group compared to the Salt Preg group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all Conclusions RES decreases blood pressure in a hypertensive pregnant rat model. Increasing sodium excretion and serum nitric oxide level might be, at least part of, the underlying mechanisms.
Highlights
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) complicates 6–10% of pregnancies [1]
On gestational days 7 and 14, compared to the Salt Preg group, all three parameters were obviously decreased in the Salt Preg + RES group, but there was no statistical difference in the three parameters between group Normal Preg + RES and group Normal Preg
It was declared that RES has an antihypertensive effect with high concentration of salt, and it may not have antihypertensive effect if it is used for pregnancy hypertension with normal salt intake (Table 1)
Summary
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) complicates 6–10% of pregnancies [1]. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy worldwide, with the increased risk of renal failure, pulmonary edema, and stroke for mothers, as well as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), prematurity, and death for fetus [2].It has been reported that endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation, defective synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), and dysregulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) producing enzymes contribute to maternal hypertension [3,4,5,6]. Numerous studies have demonstrated the diverse biologic effects of RES, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antiplatelet aggregation activities [8,9,10,11] Other studies reported it could modulate the cell functions, signal transduction, and gene expression [12]. Some recent studies demonstrated that RES could increase sodium excretion [13] and the release of NO from endothelial cells [14], as well as protect against the development of general hypertension in rat models [15,16,17]. Is study was designed to study the blood pressure-lowering effect of resveratrol (RES) in a salt-induced hypertensive pregnant rat model. Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P < 0.05). Increasing sodium excretion and serum nitric oxide level might be, at least part of, the underlying mechanisms
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